Enhancement of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Network with Mobile Sink: A Survey

Abstract

The energy consumed by any activity taking place in WSN should be controlled such that limited energy in terms of battery backup remains focus throughout. In the case of dying nodes, battery discharge may cause the network to get disconnected. WSN design issues, e.g., location of sensor nodes, scheduling activities, routes of data flow, mobile sink route, should be dealt with keeping energy limitation in mind. The sensor nodes sense the data from the area of concern and communicate the same to the sink for processing. Sensor nodes deployed in various application areas have limited memory, computational power, and battery backup. There is no defined topology of such network and frequently changing environment, very less amount of battery, and limited storage capability of the nodes. It is essential that each node in the network has knowledge about the routing path to the sink which is energy efficient. Since random placement of the nodes restrains coders from presuming routing table data at the sensor nodes, numerous methods have been suggested to create a dynamic path up to sink. Numerous researches are performed for WSN using the mobile sink. Most of the research activities focused on energy conservation in the background while proposing approaches for clustering, data flow paths, trajectory design, etc. In the WSN with a mobile sink, the trajectory of the sink node plays a vital role. Designing of trajectory is an NP-hard problem. With the use of nature-inspired techniques, e.g., particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), etc., can be used for generating a nearly optimal paths for the mobile sink. In this current article, the authors make attempt to present the summary of various strategies for energy-efficient data collection methodology and energy-efficient path planning of mobile sink in wireless sensor networks. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.