A Centroid Localization Improved CLLEACH Protocol to Improve the Performance of Sensor Network

Abstract

IoT or sensor network is a high-responsibility network implemented in a real-time environment. The sensor network is equipped with sensors or smart devices to capture environmental or object information. Each sensor device is placed with distinct responsibility and behaviour. Even though, these sensor nodes are restricted by limited energy, low sensing range, and environmental challenges. These challenges increase when the network is dynamic and has some coverage issues. The coverage issues can occur in the existence of obstacles, weak communication medium, and a lesser degree of nodes in a scattered network. The performance optimization in such a coverage critical network is very challenging. The traditional clustering protocols divide the network into smaller segments to optimize network communication and life. But the network nodes or controllers do not be concerned about the position, coverage, and connectivity of nodes. In this paper, a three-stage function process is with the proposed CLLEACH protocol to optimize the behaviour of conventional and recent clustering protocols. This proposed protocol integrates the localization method within the conventional clustering protocol to increase the bonding within the clustered region. The distance, energy, and connectivity parameters are used collectively to identify the controller nodes. In the final stage, Min-Max-Max (MMM) rule-based hierarchical routing is applied to deliver the captured information to the base station. The proposed protocol is simulated in a dense sensor network and analyzed against LEACH, CLEACH, and MLEACH protocols. The comparative and analysis results identify that the proposed protocol has improved network life and communication. The network life is significantly improved by 33.63% against LEACH, 30.09% AGAINST CLEACH, and 10.62% against MLEACH protocols. As the network life and communication reliability are improved, packet communication is increased by 30.99% against LEACH, 21.50% against CLEACH, and 8.44% against MLEACH protocols. © 2022 ACM.