Beyond the Human Eye: How Deep Learning Sees

Abstract

Skin cancer is a potentially deadly disease, which is becoming prevalent and_x000D_ it's successful treatment very much relies on early detection. Deep learning has_x000D_ emerged as a transformative technology in medical image analysis, demonstrating_x000D_ remarkable potential for automating and improving skin cancer detection. This_x000D_ chapter offers a comprehensive overview of deep learning applications for_x000D_ thermoscopic skin cancer detection. It begins with fundamental concepts of_x000D_ convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transfer learning, and the emerging role_x000D_ of Vision Transformers. The chapter delves into key applications, including the_x000D_ classification of lesions, precise segmentation for treatment planning, and advanced_x000D_ techniques like data augmentation and ensemble methods. Importantly, explain-_x000D_ ability methods are discussed to enhance trust in these models. The chapter_x000D_ highlights both the potential and the challenges associated with this field, including_x000D_ limited datasets, the need for generalizability across skin tones, and the path toward_x000D_ seamless clinical integration. This work offers valuable insights for researchers,_x000D_ clinicians, and anyone interested in the intersection of Al and skin cancer diagnosis.