Investigation of Quantum Liquid in Binary Bose-Einstein Condensate at Lower Dimension

Abstract

The study of Bose-Einstein condensation in lower dimensions is considered to have a prominent role in understanding the fundamentals of many-body physics as they can be treated theoretically with relative ease and can be verified experimentally. Very recently, observation of a liquid-like state in a Bose-Einstein condensed mixture has been reported along with theoretical prescription for its observation in lower dimension. This observation is unique and has serious ramification in our prevailing conception of the liquid state which has deep influence of Van der Waals theory. In explaining the self-bound nature of these state, quantum fluctuations and it’s fine balance with mean-field interaction turns out to be playing a key role. Though the experiments are performed predominantly in three-dimension however, theoretical studies extend to the lower dimensions as well. This thesis will mainly focus on analytical results related to this self- bound state in quasi one-dimension environment. It explores few results starting from the family of cnoidal solutions to droplet solutions with smooth transitions between each other and with a modest discussion about supersolid phase in between.