Current challenges and advancements towards discovery and resistance of antibiotics

Abstract

Antibiotics discovery has always played an important role in curing several outpacing resistances. Effective treatments for many of the common infectious diseases have now been possible. The question came up with the nature of infectious diseases, which lead to the discovery of antibiotics and setting up levels along with the discovery of synthetic models. The discoveries in the field of antibiotics have increased the average life expectancy of humans. However, the antibiotic resistance developed by microorganisms is still a matter of concern. The sensitivity and resistivity of bacteria is the most important factor to be discussed while talking about antibiotics. In this review, the era of antibiotic discovery along with recent advances in discovery/development and manufacturing, mechanism of action, and cellular targets of antibiotics long with the major components like sensitivity and antibiotic resistance have been discussed. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.